Differences

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--- networking:wireshark [2022/11/24 11:22] – bstafford
+++ networking:wireshark [2025/08/24 17:06] (current) – bstafford
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Wireshark ======
-===== DNS Response =====
+Show all DNS queries from local IP that are for a specific FQDN.
+**NOTE**: This will obviously not show the return queries as we are only showing outbound requests.
+<code>dns and ip.src==192.168.1.10 and dns.qry.name == "example.com"</code>
+<code>dns.qry.name == "test.com" or dns.qry.name == "example.com"</code>
+Show HTTPS sites visited
+<code>tls.handshake.type == 1</code>
+Filter by specific HTTPS site
+<code>tls.handshake.extensions_server_name == "microsoft.com"</code>
+List A record queries/responses
+<code>dns.qry-type == 1</code>
+Other types:
+  * AAAA = 28
+  * TXT = 16
+  * NS = 2
+  * PTR = 12
+  * CNAME = 5
+  * HTTPS = 65
+  * MX = 15
+Full list [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_DNS_record_types|here]].
+To get just queries (and not responses) add the following
+<code> && (dns.count.answers == 0)</code>
+To get just responses(and not queries) add the following
+<code> && (dns.count.answers > 0)</code>
+===== General Filters =====
 Search Wireshark for packets that contain an IP address that are results of a DNS query.
-<code>dns.a == 1.2.3.4</code>
-<code>ip.addr == 1.2.3.4<</code>
+<code>ip.addr == 1.2.3.4</code>
-<code>ip.src == 1.2.3.4<</code>
+<code>ip.src == 1.2.3.4</code>
-<code>ip.dst == 1.2.3.4<</code>
+<code>ip.dst == 1.2.3.4</code>
 <code>tcp.port eq 25 or icmp</code>
 <code>udp.port eq 53</code>
 <code>ip.src==192.168.0.0/16 and ip.dst==192.168.0.0/16</code>
+<code>udp.stream eq ${udp.stream}</code>
+<code>tcp.stream eq ${tcp.stream}</code>
+===== DHCP =====
+Filter queries based on the client MAC in the "client" field in the DHCP request.
+<code>dhcp.hw.mac_addr</code>
+===== DNS Filtering =====
+Filter just DNS queries
+<code>dns</code>
+Filter DNS from IP and to IP
+<code>dns and (ip.src==10.42.0.174 and ip.dst==10.43.0.10)</code>
+Filter both directions of flow from client to server.
+<code>dns and (ip.src==10.42.0.174 and ip.dst==10.43.0.10) or  (ip.dst==10.42.0.174 and ip.src==10.43.0.10)</code>
+Filter based on IP response to A record request
+<code>dns.a == 1.2.3.4</code>
+Filter by specific query
+<code>dns.qry.name == "sinkhole.paloaltonetworks.com"</code>
+Filter by query that contains string
+<code>dns.qry.name contains "paloaltonetworks.com"</code>
+Filter for DNS queries only
+<code>dns.flags.response == 0</code>
+Filter for DNS responses only
+<code>dns.flags.response == 1</code>
+Filter by DNS transaction ID (where XX is the transaction ID)
+<code>dns.id eq XX</code>
+Filter for Zone Transfers
+<code>dns.qry.type in {251 252} or dns.flags.opcode eq 4</code>
+Filter by DNS Option Codes
+standard queries: <code>dns.flags.opcode == 0</code>
+inverse queries: <code>dns.flags.opcode == 1</code>
+server status requests: <code>dns.flags.opcode == 2</code>
+zone change notifications: <code>dns.flags.opcode == 4</code>
+dynamic updates: <code>dns.flags.opcode == 5 </code>
+Filter by recursive query:
+<code>dns.flags.recdesired == 1</code>
+Filter by non-recursive query:
+<code>dns.flags.recdesired == 0</code>
+===== Filtering =====
+Capture all DNS queries (non-responses) directed to the DNS servers:
+<code>((ip.dst == 10.10.10.10 || ip.dst == 10.10.11.11 ) && (dns.flags.response == 0)) && (dns.flags.opcode == 0)</code>
+The filtered data was exported to a plain text file for further processing.
+Total DNS Queries Captured:
+<code>wc -l queries.txt</code>
+Top 30 Queried Domains:
+<code>less queries.txt | awk '{split($8,a,".");b=length(a);print a[b-3]"."a[b-2]"."a[b-1]"."a[b]}'| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -30</code>
+Top 30 Querying Clients:
+<code>less queries.txt | awk '{print $4}'|sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -30</code>
+Top FQDNs Queried by the Top 5 Clients:
+<code>grep '10.10.10.10\|10.10.10.2\|10.10.10.3\|10.10.10.4\|10.10.10.5' queries.txt | awk '{print $8}'|sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -30</code>
+Top Domains Queried by the Top 5 Clients:
+<code>grep '10.10.10.10\|10.10.10.2\|10.10.10.3\|10.10.10.4\|10.10.10.5' queries.txt | awk '{split($8,a,".");b=length(a);print a[b-3]"."a[b-2]"."a[b-1]"."a[b]}'| sort | uniq -c | sort -nr | head -30</code>