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Table of Contents
Configure BIND on Linux
Remember, if you are using two BIND DNS servers in a master/slave configuration, you must update the serial number of the zone file when you update the file on the master if you want the slave to pick it up.
Remember, if you make a change to a zone, you can make that change live without restarting the DNS service with the following command
rndc reload example.local
On Ubuntu 16.04, you need to
sudo apt-get install bind9 bind9utils bind9-doc
Then
vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options
And add…
options {
directory "/var/cache/bind";
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.1.5; };
listen-on-v6 { any; };
allow-recursion { any; };
allow-query { any; };
allow-query-cache { any; };
//========================================================================
// If BIND logs error messages about the root key being expired,
// you will need to update your keys. See https://www.isc.org/bind-keys
//========================================================================
dnssec-validation auto;
auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035
};
service bind9 restart
If you are running the local ufw firewall, you may need to open UDP/TCP 53.
Create Zones
vi /etc/bind/named.conf.local
//
// Do any local configuration here
//
// Consider adding the 1918 zones here, if they are not used in your
// organization
//include "/etc/bind/zones.rfc1918";
zone "example.local" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/zones/example.local.db";
allow-transfer { slave.ip.address; };
};
zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.99.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
allow-transfer { slave.ip.address; };
};
Configure Zone
vi /etc/bind/zones/example.local.db
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA ns1.example.local admin.example.local. (
2 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS localhost.
@ IN A 127.0.0.1
@ IN AAAA ::1
; Name servers
example.local. IN NS ns1.example.local.
example.local. IN NS ns2.example.local.
; records for name servers
ns1 IN A 192.168.1.4
ns2 IN A 192.168.1.5
; Other A records
@ IN A 192.168.1.7
www IN A 192.168.1.8
myserver IN A 192.168.1.9
Configure Reverse Zone
vi /etc/bind/zones/rev.99.168.192.in-addr.arpa
$TTL 604800
@ IN SOA example.local. admin.example.local. (
1 ; Serial
604800 ; Refresh
86400 ; Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL
; Name servers
IN NS ns1.example.com.
IN NS ns2.example.com.
; PTR Records
14 IN PTR server1.example.local.
15 IN PTR server2.example.local.
16 IN PTR server3.example.local.
Logging
In Ubuntu 16.04
rndc querylog
tail -f /var/log/syslog
Also
user@hostname:/etc/bind# cat named.conf.options
options {
directory "/var/cache/bind";
listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 127.0.1.1; 192.168.0.1; };
//========================================================================
// If BIND logs error messages about the root key being expired,
// you will need to update your keys. See https://www.isc.org/bind-keys
//========================================================================
dnssec-validation auto;
auth-nxdomain no; # conform to RFC1035
listen-on-v6 { any; };
allow-recursion { any; };
allow-query { any; };
allow-query-cache { any; };
};
logging {
channel bind_default_log {
file "/var/log/bind/default.log" versions 3 size 5m;
//severity debug 9;
severity info;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};
channel bind_update_log {
file "/var/log/bind/update.log" versions 3 size 5m;
//severity debug 9;
severity info;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};
channel bind_update-security_log {
file "/var/log/bind/update-security.log" versions 3 size 5m;
//severity debug 9;
severity info;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};
channel bind_security_log {
file "/var/log/bind/security.log" versions 3 size 5m;
//severity debug 9;
severity info;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};
channel bind_query_log {
file "/var/log/bind/query.log" versions 3 size 5m;
//severity debug 10;
severity info;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};
channel bind_lame-servers_log {
file "/var/log/bind/lame-servers.log" versions 3 size 5m;
//severity debug 9;
severity info;
print-category yes;
print-severity yes;
print-time yes;
};
category default { bind_query_log; };
category update { bind_query_log; };
category update-security { bind_query_log; };
category security { bind_query_log; };
category queries { bind_query_log; };
category lame-servers { bind_query_log; };
};
Test Transfer
Log on to the slave machine and run
dig @master.ip.address mydomain.local. AXFR
Enable NS Servers to use DNS
I found I had to edit vi /etc/resolvconf/resolv.conf.d/head
and add nameserver 127.0.0.1 to the end of the file, save, exit and then run the following to get the NS servers to correctly access DNS on themselves.
resolvconf --enable-updates
